Ø Individual health and hygiene is dependent largely on adequate availability of drinking water and proper sanitation.
Ø In this context the Central Rural Sanitation Progrgamme (CRSP) was launched in 1986.
Ø The concept of sanitation connotes a comprehensive concept, which includes liquid and solid waste disposal, food hygiene, personal, domestic as well as environmental hygiene.
Ø CRSP moves towards a “demand drive” approach.
Ø The revised approach in the Programme titled “total Sanitation Campaign (TSC)” emphasizes more on Information, Educational and Communication (IEC), Human Resource Development, Capacity Development activities and generation of demand for sanitary facilities.
v Bring about an improvement in the general quality of life in the rural areas.
v Accelerate sanitation coverage in rural areas.
v Generate felt demand for Sanitation facilities through awareness creation and health education.
v Cover schools / Anganwadis in rural areas with Sanitation facilities and promote hygiene education and sanitary habits among students.
v Encourage cost effective and appropriate technologies in Sanitation.
v Eliminate open defection to minimized risk of contamination of drinking water sources and food.
v Convert dry latrines to pour flush latrines and eliminate manual scavenging practice, whenever in existence in rural areas.
q Community led.
q People centered.
q Demand driven approach.
q Alternate delivery mechanisms would be adopted.
q Rural school Sanitation is a major component.
q Involvement of Panchayat Raj Institutions, Co-operatives, Women Groups, Self Help Groups, NGOs etc.
v A Project proposal emanates from a district.
v It is scrutinized by the State Government.
v
It is transmitted to the Government of India
(Department of Drinking Water Supply, Ministry of Rural Development).
v TSC is implemented in phase with start-up activities.
v In the “Campaign approach”, provision are there to effectively fulfill the generated demand for sanitary hardware.
v The States / UTs are expected to draw up a TSC Project for the selected districts to claim GOI assistance with commitment of their support.
v The number of TSC projects in a state are allocated based on the demand raised by the States and on their performance in implementation of existence projects.
v The TSC Project cycle in the Project Districts is expected to take about 4 years or less.
v Start-up activities.
v IEC activities.
v Rural Sanitary Marts and Production Centres.
v Construction of Individual Household Latrines.
v Women Sanitary Complex.
v School Sanitation.
v Administrative charges.
Ø At the District Level, District Water and Sanitation Mission should implement.
Ø Both the TSC and Swajaldhara should be implemented by the same agency.
Ø At the State Level, the State Water and Sanitation Mission constituted for Sector Reform should supervise.
Ø In states where Water supply & Sanitation are handled by two different departments, separate institutional set up may also be made subject to the condition that officials handling water supply should be actively associated with the institutional set up.
v Have to be actively involved in IEC activities as well as in hardware activities.
v For bringing about awareness among the rural people for the need of rural sanitation.
v Ensuring that they actually make use of the sanitary latrines.
v NGOs can also open and operate Production Centres and Rural Sanitary Marts.
v NGOs may also be engaged to conduct base line surveys and PRSs to determine key behaviors and perceptions regarding sanitation, hygiene, water use, O&M, etc.
v Selection of NGOs should be done following a transparent criterion.
q In the first phase, the total project cost for a district is restricted to about Rs 20.00 Crores.
q In case the amount sought for / utilized for is less than the earmarked percentage, the balance percent will be adjusted for construction of individual household latrines.
q In no case the percent earmarked for start-up activities and administrative charge should exceed 5 percent of the project outlay.
v Train the community, particularly all the members of the family in the proper up keep and maintenance of the sanitation facilities created.
v The maintenance expenses of individual household sanitary latrines should be met by the households.
v The maintenance cost of community sanitary complexes may be met by the panchayats / voluntary organizations / charitable trusts / Self Help Groups.
v Institutions / Organizations operating and maintaining the Sanitary complexes may charge suitable user charge to meet the operation and maintenance cost fully.
v The concerned departments should provide adequate funds for maintenance of school / Anganwadi toilets.
Ø The base line survey completed.
Ø The Project Implementation Plan (PIP) is under process by the Line Deptt. i.e. P.H.E.
Ø The DWSC sat on 21.092005 to approve the IEC activities.
Ø Soon IEC activities would be started.
Ø Rs 109.00 crores received on 22.10.2003. The same yet to be utilized.